Union Public Service Commissions

Public Service Commissions for the Union as per Article-315

Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union
Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law.
The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State.
References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union as respects the particular matter in question

Appointment and term of office of members as per Article-316

The Chairman and other members of a Public Service Commission shall be appointed, in the case of the Union Commission by the President:

Provided that as nearly as may be one-half of the members of every Public Service Commission shall be persons who at the dates of their respective appointments have held office for at least ten years either under the Government of India or under the Government of a State, and in computing the said period of ten years any period before the commencement of this Constitution during which a person has held office under the Crown in India or under the Government of an Indian State shall be included.

If the office of the Chairman of the Commission becomes vacant or if any such Chairman is by reason of absence or for any other reason unable to perform the duties of his office, those duties shall, until some person appointed under clause (1) to the vacant office has entered on the duties thereof or, as the case may be, until the Chairman has resumed his duties, be performed by such one of the other members of the Commission as the President, in the case of the Union Commission may appoint for the purpose.

A member of a Public Service Commission shall hold office for a term of six years from the date on which he enters upon his office or until he attains, in the case of the Union Commission, the age of sixty-five years, whichever is earlier:
Provided that—

a member of a Public Service Commission may, by writing under his hand addressed, in the case of the Union Commission to the President, resign his office;
a member of a Public Service Commission may be removed from his office in the manner provided in clause (1) or clause (3) of article 317.

A person who holds office as a member of a Public Service Commission shall, on the expiration of his term of office, be ineligible for reappointment to that office.

Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission as per Article-317

Subject to the provisions of clause (3), the Chairman or any other member of a Public Service Commission shall only be removed from his office by order of the President on the ground of misbehaviour after the Supreme Court, on reference being made to it by the President, has, on inquiry held in accordance with the procedure prescribed in that behalf under article 145, reported that the Chairman or such other member, as the case may be, ought on any such ground to be removed.
The President, in the case of the Union Commission, may suspend from office the Chairman or any other member of the Commission in respect of whom a reference has been made to the Supreme Court under clause (1) until the President has passed orders on receipt of the report of the Supreme Court on such reference.
Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), the President may by order remove from office the Chairman or any other member of a Public Service Commission if the Chairman or such other member, as the case may be,—
1. is adjudged an insolvent; or
2. engages during his term of office in any paid employment outside the duties of his office; or
3. is, in the opinion of the President, unfit to continue in office by reason of infirmity of mind or body.
If the Chairman or any other member of a Public Service Commission is or becomes in any way concerned or interested in any contract or agreement made by or on behalf of the Government of India or the Government of a State or participates in any way in the profit thereof or in any benefit or emolument arising there from otherwise than as a member and in common with the other members of an incorporated company, he shall, for the purposes of clause (1), be deemed to be guilty of misbehavior

Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission as per Article-318

In the case of the Union Commission the President may by regulations—

determine the number of members of the Commission and their conditions of service; and
make provision with respect to the number of members of the staff of the Commission and their conditions of service:

Provided that the conditions of service of a member of a Public Service Commission shall not be varied to his disadvantage after his appointment

Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members as per Article-319

On ceasing to hold office-

the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission shall be ineligible for further employment either under the Government of India or under the Government of a State;
a member other than the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission shall be eligible for appointment as the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission or as the Chairman of a State Public Service Commission, but not for any other employment either under the Government of India or under the Government of a State;

Functions of Public Service Commission’s as per Article-320

It shall be the duty of the Union Public Service Commissions to conduct examinations for appointments to the services of the Union and the services of the State respectively.
It shall also be the duty of the Union Public Service Commission, if requested by any two or more States so to do, to assist those States in framing and operating schemes of joint recruitment for any services for which candidates possessing special qualifications are required.
The Union Public Service Commission as the case may be, shall be consulted—
1. on all matters relating to methods of recruitment to civil services and for civil posts;
2. on the principles to be followed in making appointments to civil services and posts and in making promotions and transfers from one service to another and on the suitability of candidates for such appointments, promotions or transfers;
3. on all disciplinary matters affecting a person serving under the Government of India or the Government of a State in a civil capacity, including memorials or petitions relating to such matters;
4. on any claim by or in respect of a person who is serving or has served under the Government of India or the Government of a State or under the Crown in India or under the Government of an Indian State, in a civil capacity, that any costs incurred by him in defending legal proceedings instituted against him in respect of acts done or purporting to be done in the execution of his duty should be paid out of the Consolidated Fund of India;
5. on any claim for the award of a pension in respect of injuries sustained by a person while serving under the Government of India or under the Crown in India in a civil capacity, and any question as to the amount of any such award, and it shall be the duty of a Public Service Commission to advise on any matter so referred to them and on any other matter which the President may refer to them:

Provided that the President as respects the all- India services and also as respects other services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union, and the Governor, as respects other services and posts in connection with the affairs of a State, may make regulations specifying the matters in which either generally, or in any particular class of case or in any particular circumstances, it shall not be necessary for a Public Service Commission to be consulted.

Nothing in clause (3) shall require a Public Service Commission to be consulted as respects the manner in which any provision referred to in clause (4) of article 16 may be made or as respects the manner in which effect may be given to the provisions of article 335.
All regulations made under the proviso to clause (3) by the President shall be laid for not less than fourteen days before each House of Parliament as the case may be, as soon as possible after they are made, and shall be subject to such modifications, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as both Houses of Parliament may make during the session in which they are so laid.

Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions

As per Article-321 an Act made by Parliament may provide for the exercise of additional functions by the Union Public Service Commission as respects the services of the Union and also as respects the services of any local authority or other body corporate constituted by law or of any public institution.

Expenses of Public Service Commissions

As per Article-322 the expenses of the Union Public Service Commission, including any salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the members or staff of the Commission, shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.

Reports of Public Service Commission

As per A-323 It shall be the duty of the Union Commission to present annually to the President a report as to the work done by the Commission and on receipt of such report the President shall cause a copy thereof together with a memorandum explaining, as respects the cases, if any, where the advice of the Commission was not accepted, the reasons for such non-acceptance to be laid before each House of Parliament.

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