22-02-23 Daily-Kerala-KPSC Current Affairs

Keralahas seen considerable fluctuation in its organic <a href="https://exam.pscnotes.com/Agriculture-notes-for-state-psc-exams”>Agriculture (OA) policy and this has resulted in concurrent high levels of entry into and exit from the agriculture sector, says a study by a group of international researchers with support from Kerala agriculture scientists.

The case study was done with farmer interviews, focus groups and experts, focusing on Thrissur andWayanaddistricts. The researchers developed a typology of organic farmers and formed them into three core groups wealthy hobby farmers, poorer non-certified farmers, and middle class export farmers.

The experience of Organic Wayanad NGO (formerly the largest organic Marketing agency in Kerala) is similar: of the 2,000 new members in Wayanad in 2004, only 350 remained in 2013. Most members left because they did not receive the expected financial benefits, as yield losses were not compensated by organic premiums.

With the number of vultures nestling amidWestern GhatsinKarnataka, Kerala and Nadu dramatically plunging from about 10,000 two decades ago to a few hundreds now, the state forest department and Wildlife Conservation Society have undertaken a survey in the Tiger Reserves to ascertain the reasons for the worrying development.
The survey was conducted in the forests spread across the three states to count thevulture Population. In Karnataka, the survey was inBandipur, BRT and Nagarahole tiger reserves.

Earlier, the three states used to conduct separate surveys in different periods, but now they are holding the synchronized survey to avoid duplication of data in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve of Tamil Nadu, Waynad Wildlife Sanctuary of Kerala and Karnataka’s three tiger reserves.

Maharashtra, the state with the highest electricity demand in India, lags behind several others when it comes to energy transition to renewable sources. This is mainly due to slow uptake in the state and its inability to shut down older, polluting coal power Plants, said a report. It should nevertheless be considered that though Maharashtra lags on the transition parameter in Percentage terms, because of its greater net power generation, it has a higher reference point for a comparison with other states.

According to the study, Rajasthan and Maharashtra showed low participation in green markets. It said that Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, and Maharashtra have a huge potential to become renewable energy export hubs by utilising their untapped clean energy potential. These states have made limited efforts to participate in green market mechanisms likeGDAM(green day ahead market), it added.

Ember is an independent, not-for-profit Climate and energy think tank while the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA) examines issues related to energy markets, trends, and policies.

The Asian Waterbird Census (AWC) 2023 at the Okhla Bird Sanctuary has recorded a decreased total number of water birds and overall in relation to previous years.

Okhla Bird Sanctuary is the most degraded, polluted and disturbed habitat in all respects, decreasing overall water birds number and species diversity including migratory birds every year, it said.

The wetland habitat several times in a year remains completely dried, the latest being the recent Migration season in October-November, 2022 which impacts on the breeding of the resident birds, and lesser arrival of winter migratory water birds. Till December, 2022 the sanctuary witnessed the least number of migratory water birds, resulting in overall decreased Population.

The AWC 2023 recorded further decreased species diversity:from 47 (2022) to 36 (2023) and total number: 9,143 to 6,083 (2023) dominated the total number by common winter migratory species Northern Shoveler and then Eurasian Coot in comparison to previous years.